Australia has recorded its first detection of H5N1 bird flu in a mammal, prompting renewed attention from scientists and health authorities.

The virus was found in a long-nosed fur seal, adding to growing evidence that the strain can move beyond bird populations and infect a range of mammals. However, health authorities say the current risk to humans remains low, with no confirmed human cases in Australia.

Globally, H5N1 has continued to spread among birds and has infected mammals in different parts of the world. Since the emergence of the current major strain around six years ago, 141 human cases and 24 deaths have been reported.

Most human infections have occurred following close contact with infected animals, particularly among poultry and dairy workers. Exposure can happen through infected birds, animal waste, respiratory secretions and contaminated environments.

Scientists remain particularly interested in how the virus is changing. Flu viruses can mutate rapidly, and experts are monitoring whether H5N1 develops characteristics that could make transmission between humans easier.

The strain identified in Australia is closely related to viruses found in the sub-Antarctic region, where significant numbers of birds and marine mammals have been affected.

For the public, basic precautions remain important. People are advised to avoid touching sick or dead birds, keep pets away from potentially infected animals and wash their hands thoroughly after handling birds. Poultry and eggs should also be cooked properly.

While there is no evidence that H5N1 is currently spreading between people in Australia, its ability to cross between species means continued surveillance is important.

For now, experts say there is no reason for widespread public alarm, but the situation is being closely monitored.